In Ayurveda, "Prameha" refers to a group of urinary disorders characterized primarily by the excessive passage of urine with varied qualities. Diabetes Mellitus falls under the category of "Madhumeha," a subtype of Prameha marked by sweet urine due to high sugar content.

Prameha arises from a combination of imbalanced doshas (primarily Kapha and Vata), leading to dysfunction in the body's ability to metabolize sugar, fats, and proteins. It results in increased blood glucose levels, polyuria, and other systemic imbalances.

Ayurveda identifies dietary factors such as excessive intake of sweet, heavy, fatty, and unctuous foods as contributors to Prameha. The accumulation of Kapha-promoting foods can lead to impaired metabolic processes (Agnimandya).

Reference:

• Charaka Samhita, Sutra Sthana 6.15

  "Madhura snigdha ahara sevana leads to Kapha vriddhi."

Sedentary lifestyle, lack of physical activity, day sleep, and overindulgence in sleep contribute to Prameha.

Reference: Susruta Samhita, Nidana Sthana, Chapter 6, Sloka 7

“Divaswapnam alasyam asampadyamasadhyati”

Due to impaired Agni (digestive fire) and Kapha imbalance, toxins accumulate in the body, especially in the Meda dhatu (fat tissue). The morbid Kapha mixes with improperly formed Rasa (nutritional fluid) and enters the urinary tract, resulting in increased urination and other Prameha symptoms.

Reference: Charaka Samhita, Nidana Sthana, Chapter 4, Sloka 8

“Agnimandya pradurbhava dosha dushya samam prasruta”

Diagnosis is based on the presence of symptoms, examination of urine (often sweet in Madhumeha), and Ayurvedic dosha analysis.

• urning sensation in palms and feet
• Excessive thirst
• Frequent urination
• Sweet, unctuous urine

Reference: Charaka Samhita, Nidana Sthana, Chapter 4, Sloka 9-10

• Polyuria (frequent urination)
• Sweet-tasting urine (indicative of Madhumeha)
• Fatigue
• Weakness
• Increased thirst
• Weight loss despite regular diet

• Polyuria (frequent urination)
• Sweet-tasting urine (indicative of Madhumeha)
• Fatigue
• Weakness
• Increased thirst
• Weight loss despite regular diet

Reference: Susruta Samhita, Nidana Sthana, Chapter 6, Sloka 9-10

1. Kaphaja Prameha - 10 types related to Kapha dominance
2. Pittaja Prameha - 6 types related to Pitta dominance
3. Vataja Prameha - 4 types related to Vata dominance, with Madhumeha as the chronic form.

Reference: Charaka Samhita, Nidana Sthana, Chapter 4

If untreated, Prameha can lead to:

• Retinopathy
• Nephropathy
• Neuropathy
• Skin infections

• Yapya: Manageable with dietary and lifestyle modifications.
• Asadhya: Hard to cure if chronic or Vata-dominant.

1. Shodhana (Purification) - Panchakarma therapies like Virechana (purgation), Basti (enemas)
2. Shamana (Pacification) - Use of herbs like Amalaki, Guduchi, Turmeric, and Triphala.

Reference: Charaka Samhita, Chikitsa Sthana, Chapter 6

• Light, Kapha-pacifying diet
• Bitter and astringent tastes
• Grains like barley and green vegetables

Avoiding day sleep, sweet, oily, and heavy foods.

Diabetes Mellitus is characterized by elevated blood glucose due to insulin deficiency or resistance, often managed through diet, medication, and lifestyle modifications.

• Blood sugar levels
• HbA1c tests
• Urine tests for glucose